Pure Tajweed Topics
18. Madd Laazim – Huroof al-Muqatta’aat
20. Full Ghunna Meem and Noon Mushaddad
As well as Mutadhaaddah مُتَضَادَّهْ letters that have opposites to each other, there are Ghair–Mutadhaaddah غَيْرْمُتَضَادَّهْ letters that do not have opposites.
There are seven Ghair–Mutadhaaddah qualities, which are ‘echo’ (Qalqalah), ‘whistle’ (Safeer), ‘spread’ (Tafashshee), ‘repeat’ (Takreer), ‘easiness’ (Leen), ‘inclined’ (Inhiraaf) and ‘elongated’ (Istitaalah).
The ‘echo’ (Qalqalah) will echo or bounce when they have a Sakin. There are five ‘echo’ letters, which are ق ط ب ج د. These are remembered as the قطبجد. These letters are read with an echoing sound. For example, ق in خَلَقْنَا. The ‘whistle’ (Safeer) letters resemble a whistling sound when read. The three ‘whistle’ letters are ص س ز. The letter ش is the only letter referred to as ‘spread’. In other words, when this letter pronounced, its sound will flow throughout the mouth. It is a swift whistling sound. For example, ش in قُرَيْشٍ. The letter ر is known as the ‘repeat’ letter and is read with a slight vibration in the tongue. When this letter is uttered, the tongue strikes the palate multiple times. For example, ر in مَرْيَمْ. There are two ‘easiness’ letters and these areو ى . The letters are pronounced with ease and without much force. They are read so softly so as to make a slight elongation (Madd). For example, و in خَوْفْ. Letters ر ل are called the ‘inclined’ letters and are read so that the sound returns to its origin (Makhraj). For example, ل in قُلْ هَلْ. The final letter in this section is ض and its sound is lengthened from the beginning of its origin to its end. In other words, when it is read, the sound is kept from the beginning of the Makhraj till the end.
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