www.puretajweed.org

Pure Tajweed Topics

1.  Recitation with Tajweed

2.  Errors in recitation

3. Major errors

4.  Minor errors

5.  Origin of letters

6.  Letters with opposites

7.  Letters without opposites

8.  Full-mouth letters

9.  Echo letters

10.  The letter Laam

11.  The letter Raa

12.  Elongation

13.  Original Madd

14.  Temporary Madd

15.  Detached Madd

16.  Joined Madd

17.  Madd Laazim – Tashdeed

18.  Madd Laazim – Huroof al-Muqatta’aat

19.  The nasal sound

20.  Full Ghunna Meem and Noon Mushaddad

21.  Full Ghunna Iqlaab –
Noon-Saakin and Tanween

22.  Full Ghunna Idghaam

23.  Light Ghunna

24.  No Ghunna

25.  Rules of stopping

26.  Links and references

There are several conditions under which a nasal sound called Ghunna is read. The Ghunna is a ‘special sound’, which is created through the nose and is categorised into two types: the ‘full’ Ghunna and the ‘light’ Ghunna. There are four types of ‘full’ Ghunna. The ‘full’ Ghunna is read through the nose completely and it gives the full nasal sound. There are two types of ‘light’ Ghunna, known as Ikhfaa. These are Noon-Saakin and Tanween and Meem-Saakin. The ‘light’ Ghunna is partially read through the nose, and it gives a light nasal sound.

I have taken this unique way of categorising the nasal sound to help learners grapple with this topic easily. The formal definitions and explanations have also been included in each subtopic below to give justice to this subject. Both special sounds are read through the nose, but the sounds are slightly different. The sounds are lengthened by two Harakaat, which is approximately two seconds long. There are many places in the Quran where both types of nasal sound apply.

In some cases, it is easier for our tongue to join two letters and give the sound of the dominant letter. This is the idea behind Idgham, where you merge two letters and they become one letter of the second type. Idgham occurs if after a Noon Sakinah or Tanween there appears any of the following letters: ي ر م ل و ن. These letters of Idgham can be memorized in the form of يَرْمَلُون.

Some of the letters of Idgham produce the ‘full’ Ghunna sound while others don’t. The letters ي م  و ن, under different conditions will give the Ghunna sound and on the other hand, ر and ل don’t.

Meem-Sakin is when the letter Meem م carries a Sukun sign on it while stopping or continuing with another letter. The letter Meem is pronounced using the lips, hence the word Shafawiy, meaning “from lips,” is used to refer to Meem-Sakin rules.

The specifics of each rule is described and suitable examples are given in their respective sections.